3Dc : a lossy data compression algorithm for normal maps
A-law algorithm : standard companding algorithm
A-Star (A*) algorithm : extended Dijkstra path finding algorithm for searching shortest path
AdaBoost : adaptive boosting
Adaptive histogram equalization : histogram equalization which adapts to local changes in contrast
Adaptive Huffman coding : adaptive coding technique based on Huffman coding
Adaptive replacement cache : better performance than LRU
Aho–Corasick string matching algorithm : trie based algorithm for finding all substring matches to any of a finite set of strings
Algorithm X : a nondeterministic algorithm
Algorithms for calculating variance : avoiding instability and numerical overflow
ALOPEX : a correlation-based machine-learning algorithm
Alpha max plus beta min algorithm : an approximation of the square-root of the sum of two squares
Alpha-beta pruning : search to reduce number of nodes in minimax algorithm
Approximate counting algorithm : Allows counting large number of events in a small register
Average-linkage clustering : a simple agglomerative clustering algorithm
Backpropagation : A supervised learning method which requires a teacher that knows, or can calculate, the desired output for any given input
Backtracking : abandons partial solutions when they are found not to satisfy a complete solution
Bailey–Borwein–Plouffe formula : (BBP formula) a spigot algorithm for the computation of the nth binary digit of π
Banker’s algorithm : Algorithm used for deadlock avoidance.
Barnes–Hut simulation : Solves the n-body problem in an approximate way that has the order log(n) instead of O(n*n) as in a direct-sum simulation.
Baum–Welch algorithm : compute maximum likelihood estimates and posterior mode estimates for the parameters of a hidden markov model
BCJR algorithm : decoding of error correcting codes defined on trellises (principally convolutional codes)
Beam search : is a heuristic search algorithm that is an optimization of best-first search that reduces its memory requirement
Beam stack search : integrates backtracking with beam search
Bees algorithm : a search algorithm which mimics the food foraging behavior of swarms of honey bees
Bellman–Ford algorithm : computes shortest paths in a weighted graph (where some of the edge weights may be negative)
Benson’s algorithm : an algorithm for solving linear vector optimization problems
Best Bin First : find an approximate solution to the Nearest neighbor search problem in very-high-dimensional spaces
Best-first search : traverses a graph in the order of likely importance using a priority queue
BFGS method : A nonlinear optimization algorithm
Biconjugate gradient method : solves systems of linear equations
Bidirectional search : find the shortest path from an initial vertex to a goal vertex in a directed graph
Bilinear interpolation : an extension of linear interpolation for interpolating functions of two variables on a regular grid
Binary GCD algorithm : Efficient way of calculating GCD.
Binary search algorithm : locates an item in a sorted sequence
[Binary Tree All Traversals] : PreOrder, PostOrder, InOrder, Level Order Traversal
Binary splitting : a divide and conquer technique which speeds up the numerical evaluation of many types of series with rational terms
Birkhoff interpolation : an extension of polynomial interpolation
Bitap algorithm : fuzzy algorithm that determines if strings are approximately equal.
Bitonic sort algorithm : a sorting algorithm efficient in machines with a lot of processors: O(log^2(n)) with n/2 processors
BKM algorithm : compute elementary functions using a table of logarithms
Blind deconvolution : image de-blurring algorithm when point spread function is unknown.
Bloom filter : a constant time and memory check to see whether a given element exists in a set. May return a false positive, but never a false negative.
Booth’s multiplication algorithm : a multiplication algorithm that multiplies two signed binary numbers in two’s complement notation
Borwein’s algorithm : an algorithm to calculate the value of 1/π
Bowyer–Watson algorithm : create voronoi diagram in any number of dimensions
Boyer–Moore string search algorithm : amortized linear (sublinear in most times) algorithm for substring search
Boyer–Moore–Horspool algorithm : Simplification of Boyer–Moore
Breadth-first search : traverses a graph level by level
Brent’s algorithm : finds a cycle in function value iterations using only two iterators
Bresenham’s line algorithm : plots points of a 2-dimensional array to form a straight line between 2 specified points (uses decision variables)
Bron–Kerbosch algorithm : a technique for finding maximal cliques in an undirected graph
BrownBoost : a boosting algorithm that may be robust to noisy datasets
Bruss algorithm : see odds algorithm
Brute-force search : An exhaustive and reliable search method, but computationally inefficient in many applications.
D : an incremental heuristic search algorithm
Depth-first search : traverses a graph branch by branch
Dijkstra’s algorithm : A special case of A for which no heuristic function is used
General Problem Solver : a seminal theorem-proving algorithm intended to work as a universal problem solver machine.
Jump point search : An optimization to A which may reduce computation time by an order of magnitude using further heuristics.
Bubble sort : for each pair of indices, swap the items if out of order
Buchberger’s algorithm : finds a Gröbner basis
Buddy memory allocation : Algorithm to allocate memory such that fragmentation is less.
Bully algorithm : a method for dynamically selecting a coordinator
Burrows–Wheeler transform : preprocessing useful for improving lossless compression
Burstsort : build a compact, cache efficient burst trie and then traverse it to create sorted output
Buzen’s algorithm : an algorithm for calculating the normalization constant G(K) in the Gordon–Newell theorem
Byzantine fault tolerance : good fault tolerance.
C3 linearization : an algorithm used primarily to obtain a consistent linearization of a multiple inheritance hierarchy in object-oriented programming
C4.5 algorithm : an extension to ID3
Cannon’s algorithm : a distributed algorithm for matrix multiplication especially suitable for computers laid out in an N × N mesh
Canny edge detector : detect a wide range of edges in images
Canopy clustering algorithm : an unsupervised pre-clustering algorithm related to the K-means algorithm
Cantor–Zassenhaus algorithm : factor polynomials over finite fields
Chaff algorithm : an algorithm for solving instances of the boolean satisfiability problem
Chaitin’s algorithm : a bottom-up, graph coloring register allocation algorithm that uses cost/degree as its spill metric
Chakravala method : a cyclic algorithm to solve indeterminate quadratic equations, including Pell’s equation
Cheney’s algorithm : An improvement on the Semi-space collector
Chew’s second algorithm : create quality constrained Delaunay triangulations
Chien search : a recursive algorithm for determining roots of polynomials defined over a finite field
CHS conversion : converting between disk addressing systems
Closest pair problem : find the pair of points (from a set of points) with the smallest distance between them
Coloring algorithm : Graph coloring algorithm.
Complete-linkage clustering : a simple agglomerative clustering algorithm
Cone algorithm : identify surface points
Conjugate gradient : an algorithm for the numerical solution of particular systems of linear equations
Connected-component labeling : find and label disjoint regions
Constraint algorithm : a class of algorithms for satisfying constraints for bodies that obey Newton’s equations of motion
Coppersmith–Winograd algorithm : square matrix multiplication
CORDIC : compute hyperbolic and trigonometric functions using a table of arctangents
Cross-entropy method : a general Monte Carlo approach to combinatorial and continuous multi-extremal optimization and importance sampling
Cuthill–McKee algorithm : reduce the bandwidth of a symmetric sparse matrix
Cycle sort : in-place with theoretically optimal number of writes
CYK algorithm : An O(n3) algorithm for parsing context-free grammars in Chomsky normal form
Counting Inversions : Inversion Count for an array indicates – how far (or close) the array is from being sorted.
Daitch–Mokotoff Soundex : a Soundex refinement which allows matching of Slavic and Germanic surnames
Dancing Links : an efficient implementation of Algorithm X
Dantzig–Wolfe decomposition : an algorithm for solving linear programming problems with special structure
Davis–Putnam algorithm : check the validity of a first-order logic formula
DBSCAN : a density based clustering algorithm
DDA line algorithm : plots points of a 2-dimensional array to form a straight line between 2 specified points (uses floating-point math)
De Boor algorithm : B-splines
De Casteljau’s algorithm : Bézier curves
Delta encoding : aid to compression of data in which sequential data occurs frequently
Demon algorithm : a Monte Carlo method for efficiently sampling members of a microcanonical ensemble with a given energy
Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm : criterion of balance for Boolean function
Dijkstra’s algorithm : computes shortest paths in a graph with non-negative edge weights
Dinic’s algorithm : is a strongly polynomial algorithm for computing the maximum flow in a flow network.
Discrete Green’s Theorem : is an algorithm for computing double integral over a generalized rectangular domain in constant time. It is a natural extension to the summed area table algorithm
Doomsday algorithm : day of the week
Double dabble : Convert binary numbers to BCD
Double Metaphone : an improvement on Metaphone
Dynamic Markov compression : Compression using predictive arithmetic coding
Dynamic Programming : problems exhibiting the properties of overlapping subproblems and optimal substructure
Dynamic time warping : measure similarity between two sequences which may vary in time or speed
Earley parser : Another O(n3) algorithm for parsing any context-free grammar
Edmonds–Karp algorithm : implementation of Ford–Fulkerson
Elevator algorithm : Disk scheduling algorithm that works like an elevator.
Ellipsoid method : is an algorithm for solving convex optimization problems
Espresso heuristic logic minimizer : Fast algorithm for boolean function minimization.
Euclidean algorithm : computes the greatest common divisor
Euclidean minimum spanning tree : algorithms for computing the minimum spanning tree of a set of points in the plane
Euclidean shortest path problem : find the shortest path between two points that does not intersect any obstacle
Exponentiating by squaring : an algorithm used for the fast computation of large integer powers of a number
Extended Euclidean algorithm : Also solves the equation ax + by = c.
False position method : approximates roots of a function
Fast folding algorithm : an efficient algorithm for the detection of approximately periodic events within time series data
Fast Fourier Transform: A fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm computes the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) of a sequence
Faugère F4 algorithm : finds a Gröbner basis (also mentions the F5 algorithm)
Featherstone’s algorithm : compute the effects of forces applied to a structure of joints and links
Fibonacci search technique : search a sorted sequence using a divide and conquer algorithm that narrows down possible locations with the aid of Fibonacci numbers
Filtered back-projection : efficiently compute the inverse 2-dimensional Radon transform.
Flood fill : fills a connected region of a multi-dimensional array with a specified symbol
Floyd’s cycle-finding algorithm : finds a cycle in function value iterations
Floyd–Warshall algorithm : solves the all pairs shortest path problem in a weighted, directed graph
Ford–Fulkerson algorithm : computes the maximum flow in a graph
Fortune’s Algorithm : create voronoi diagram
Fowler–Noll–Vo hash function : fast with low collision rate
Fractal compression : method used to compress images using fractals
Freivalds’ algorithm : a randomized algorithm used to verify matrix multiplication
Fürer’s algorithm : an integer multiplication algorithm for very large numbers possessing a very low asymptotic complexity
Gale–Shapley algorithm : solves the stable marriage problem
Gauss–Jordan elimination : solves systems of linear equations
Gauss–Legendre algorithm : computes the digits of pi
Gauss–Newton algorithm : An algorithm for solving nonlinear least squares problems.
Gauss–Seidel method : solves systems of linear equations iteratively
Generational garbage collector : Fast garbage collectors that segregate memory by age
Geometric hashing : a method for efficiently finding two-dimensional objects represented by discrete points that have undergone an affine transformation
Gerchberg–Saxton algorithm : Phase retrieval algorithm for optical planes
Gibbs sampling : generate a sequence of samples from the joint probability distribution of two or more random variables
Gilbert–Johnson–Keerthi distance algorithm : determining the smallest distance between two convex shapes.
Girvan–Newman algorithm : detect communities in complex systems
GLR parser : An algorithm for parsing any context-free grammar by Masaru Tomita. It is tuned for deterministic grammars, on which it performs almost linear time and O(n3) in worst case.
Goertzel algorithm : identify a particular frequency component in a signal. Can be used for DTMF digit decoding.
Golden section search : an algorithm for finding the maximum of a real function
Golomb coding : form of entropy coding that is optimal for alphabets following geometric distributions
Gosper’s algorithm : find sums of hypergeometric terms that are themselves hypergeometric terms
Gouraud shading : an algorithm to simulate the differing effects of light and colour across the surface of an object in 3D computer graphics
Gram–Schmidt process : orthogonalizes a set of vectors
Grover’s algorithm : provides quadratic speedup for many search problems
GrowCut algorithm : an interactive segmentation algorithm
Halley’s method : uses first and second derivatives
Hamming distance : sum number of positions which are different
Hamming(7,4) : a Hamming code that encodes 4 bits of data into 7 bits by adding 3 parity bits
Heap’s permutation generation algorithm : interchange elements to generate next permutation
Heapsort : convert the list into a heap, keep removing the largest element from the heap and adding it to the end of the list
Hirschberg’s algorithm : finds the least cost sequence alignment between two sequences, as measured by their Levenshtein distance
Histogram equalization : use histogram to improve image contrast
HMAC : keyed-hash message authentication
Hopcroft’s algorithm, Moore’s algorithm, and Brzozowski’s algorithm : algorithms for minimizing the number of states in a deterministic finite automaton
Hopcroft–Karp algorithm : convert a bipartite graph to a maximum cardinality matching
Hopfield net : a Recurrent neural network in which all connections are symmetric
Hungarian algorithm : algorithm for finding a perfect matching
Hungarian method : a combinatorial optimization algorithm which solves the assignment problem in polynomial time
Hybrid Monte Carlo : generate a sequence of samples using Hamiltonian weighted Markov chain Monte Carlo, from a probability distribution which is difficult to sample directly.
Incremental encoding : delta encoding applied to sequences of strings
Insertion sort : determine where the current item belongs in the list of sorted ones, and insert it there
Inside-outside algorithm : An O(n3) algorithm for re-estimating production probabilities in probabilistic context-free grammars
Introsort : begin with quicksort and switch to heapsort when the recursion depth exceeds a certain level
Inverse Fast Fourier Transform: Inverse Fast Fourier transform (IFFT) algorithm computes the inverse discrete Fourier transform (Inverse DFT) of a sequence
Jaro–Winkler distance : is a measure of similarity between two strings
Johnson algorithm : All pairs shortest path algorithm in sparse weighted directed graph
Jump-and-Walk algorithm : an algorithm for point location in triangulations
k-means clustering : cluster objects based on attributes into partitions
k-means++ : a variation of this, using modified random seeds
k-medoids : similar to k-means, but chooses datapoints or medoids as centers
Kabsch algorithm : calculate the optimal alignment of two sets of points in order to compute the root mean squared deviation between two protein structures.
Kadane’s algorithm : finds maximum sub-array of any size
Kahan summation algorithm : a more accurate method of summing floating-point numbers
Kalman filter : estimate the state of a linear dynamic system from a series of noisy measurements
Karatsuba algorithm : an efficient procedure for multiplying large numbers
Karger’s algorithm : a Monte Carlo method to compute the minimum cut of a connected graph
Karmarkar’s algorithm : The first reasonably efficient algorithm that solves the linear programming problem in polynomial time.
Karn’s Algorithm : addresses the problem of getting accurate estimates of the round-trip time for messages when using TCP
Karplus-Strong string synthesis : physical modelling synthesis to simulate the sound of a hammered or plucked string or some types of percussion
KHOPCA clustering algorithm : a local clustering algorithm, which produces hierarchical multi-hop clusters in static and mobile environments.
Knapsack problem : Given a set of items, each with a weight and a value, determine the number of each item to include in a collection so that the total weight is less than or equal to a given limit and the total value is as large as possible.
Knuth–Bendix completion algorithm : for rewriting rule systems
Knuth–Morris–Pratt algorithm : substring search which bypasses reexamination of matched characters
Lagrange interpolation : interpolation using Lagrange polynomials
Lamport ordering : a partial ordering of events based on the happened-before relation
Laplacian smoothing : an algorithm to smooth a polygonal mesh
Lesk algorithm : word sense disambiguation
Leaky bucket algorithm : an algorithm that demonstrates traffic control in network transmission
Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm : An algorithm for solving nonlinear least squares problems.
Levenshtein edit distance : compute a metric for the amount of difference between two sequences
Levinson recursion : solves equation involving a Toeplitz matrix
Linde–Buzo–Gray algorithm : a vector quantization algorithm to derive a good codebook
Linde–Buzo–Gray algorithm : a vector quantization algorithm used to derive a good codebook
Linear interpolation : a method of curve fitting using linear polynomials
Linear search : finds an item in an unsorted sequence
LL parser : A relatively simple linear time parsing algorithm for a limited class of context-free grammars
LogitBoost : logistic regression boosting
Longest common subsequence problem : Find the longest subsequence common to all sequences in a set of sequences
Longest common substring problem : find the longest string (or strings) that is a substring (or are substrings) of two or more strings
Longest increasing subsequence problem : Find the longest increasing subsequence of a given sequence
Longest path problem : find a simple path of maximum length in a given graph
LPBoost : linear programming boosting
Luhn algorithm : a method of validating identification numbers
Luhn mod N algorithm : extension of Luhn to non-numeric characters
Luleå algorithm : a technique for storing and searching internet routing tables efficiently
LZWL : syllable-based variant
Marching cubes : extract a polygonal mesh of an isosurface from a three-dimensional scalar field (sometimes called voxels)
Marching squares : generate contour lines for a two-dimensional scalar field
Marching tetrahedrons : an alternative to Marching cubes
Marching triangles : reconstruct two-dimensional surface geometry from an unstructured point cloud
Mark-compact algorithm : a combination of the mark-sweep algorithm and Cheney’s copying algorithm
Marr–Hildreth algorithm : an early edge detection algorithm
Match Rating Approach : a phonetic algorithm developed by Western Airlines
MaxCliqueDyn maximum clique algorithm : find a maximum clique in an undirected graph
Maximum parsimony (phylogenetics) : an algorithm for finding the simplest phylogenetic tree to explain a given character matrix.
Merge sort : sort the first and second half of the list separately, then merge the sorted lists
Metaphone : an algorithm for indexing words by their sound, when pronounced in English
Metropolis–Hastings algorithm : used to generate a sequence of samples from the probability distribution of one or more variables
Midpoint circle algorithm : an algorithm used to determine the points needed for drawing a circle
Minimum bounding box algorithms : find the oriented minimum bounding box enclosing a set of points
Minimum degree algorithm : permute the rows and columns of a symmetric sparse matrix before applying the Cholesky decomposition
MISER algorithm : Monte Carlo simulation, numerical integration
Monotone cubic interpolation : a variant of cubic interpolation that preserves monotonicity of the data set being interpolated.
Montgomery reduction : an algorithm that allows modular arithmetic to be performed efficiently when the modulus is large
Mu-law algorithm : standard analog signal compression or companding algorithm
Muller’s method : 3-point, quadratic interpolation
Multivariate division algorithm : for polynomials in several indeterminates
Nagle’s algorithm : improve the efficiency of TCP/IP networks by coalescing packets
Nearest neighbor search : find the nearest point or points to a query point
Needleman–Wunsch algorithm : find global alignment between two sequences
Nested sampling algorithm : a computational approach to the problem of comparing models in Bayesian statistics
Newell’s algorithm : eliminate polygon cycles in the depth sorting required in hidden surface removal
Newton’s method : finds zeros of functions with calculus
Newton–Raphson division : uses Newton’s method to find the reciprocal of D, and multiply that reciprocal by N to find the final quotient Q.
NYSIIS : phonetic algorithm, improves on Soundex
Odlyzko–Schönhage algorithm : calculates nontrivial zeroes of the Riemann zeta function
OPTICS : a density based clustering algorithm with a visual evaluation method
Package-merge algorithm : Optimizes Huffman coding subject to a length restriction on code strings
Packrat parser : A linear time parsing algorithm supporting some context-free grammars and parsing expression grammars
Painter’s algorithm : detects visible parts of a 3-dimensional scenery
Pareto interpolation : a method of estimating the median and other properties of a population that follows a Pareto distribution.
Parity : simple/fast error detection technique
Partial least squares regression : finds a linear model describing some predicted variables in terms of other observable variables
Paxos algorithm : a family of protocols for solving consensus in a network of unreliable processors
Pearson hashing : computes 8 bit value only, optimized for 8 bit computers
Perceptron : the simplest kind of feedforward neural network: a linear classifier.
Petrick’s method : Another algorithm for boolean simplification.
Phong shading : an algorithm to interpolate surface normal-vectors for surface shading in 3D computer graphics
Polynomial long division : an algorithm for dividing a polynomial by another polynomial of the same or lower degree
Postman sort : variant of Bucket sort which takes advantage of hierarchical structure
Powerset construction : Algorithm to convert nondeterministic automaton to deterministic automaton.
Predictive search : binary-like search which factors in magnitude of search term versus the high and low values in the search. Sometimes called dictionary search or interpolated search.
Prüfer coding : conversion between a labeled tree and its Prüfer sequence
Push–relabel algorithm : computes a maximum flow in a graph
Q-learning : learn an action-value function that gives the expected utility of taking a given action in a given state and following a fixed policy thereafter
Quickselect : selection algorithm to find the kth smallest element in an unordered list
Quicksort : divide list into two, with all items on the first list coming before all items on the second list.; then sort the two lists. Often the method of choice
Quine–McCluskey algorithm : Also called as Q-M algorithm, programmable method for simplifying the boolean equations.
Rabin–Karp string search algorithm : searches multiple patterns efficiently
Radial basis function network : an artificial neural network that uses radial basis functions as activation functions
Radix sort : sorts strings letter by letter
Rainflow-counting algorithm : Reduces a complex stress history to a count of elementary stress-reversals for use in fatigue analysis
Ramer–Douglas–Peucker algorithm : Given a ‘curve’ composed of line segments to find a curve not too dissimilar but that has fewer points
Random forest : classify using many decision trees
Range encoding : same as arithmetic coding, but looked at in a slightly different way
Recursive descent parser : A top-down parser suitable for LL(k) grammars
Rete algorithm : an efficient pattern matching algorithm for implementing production rule systems
Rice coding : form of entropy coding that is optimal for alphabets following geometric distributions
Richardson–Lucy deconvolution : image de-blurring algorithm
Ridder’s method : 3-point, exponential scaling
Risch algorithm : an algorithm for the calculus operation of indefinite integration (i.e. finding antiderivatives)
Rotating calipers : determine all antipodal pairs of points and vertices on a convex polygon or convex hull.
Rounding functions : the classic ways to round numbers
Run-length encoding : lossless data compression taking advantage of strings of repeated characters
Scanline rendering : constructs an image by moving an imaginary line over the image
Schensted algorithm : constructs a pair of Young tableaux from a permutation
Schreier–Sims algorithm : computing a base and strong generating set (BSGS) of a permutation group
Schönhage–Strassen algorithm : an asymptotically fast multiplication algorithm for large integers
Scoring algorithm : is a form of Newton’s method used to solve maximum likelihood equations numerically
Seam carving : content-aware image resizing algorithm
Secant method : 2-point, 1-sided
Selection algorithm : finds the kth largest item in a sequence
Selection sort : pick the smallest of the remaining elements, add it to the end of the sorted list
Self-organizing map : an unsupervised network that produces a low-dimensional representation of the input space of the training samples
Semi-space collector : An early copying collector
SEQUITUR algorithm : lossless compression by incremental grammar inference on a string
Sethi-Ullman algorithm : generate optimal code for arithmetic expressions
Shannon–Fano–Elias coding : precursor to arithmetic encoding[1]
Shell sort : an attempt to improve insertion sort
Shifting nth-root algorithm : digit by digit root extraction
Shoelace algorithm : determine the area of a polygon whose vertices are described by ordered pairs in the plane
Shor’s algorithm : provides exponential speedup (relative to currently known non-quantum algorithms) for factoring a number
Shortest seek first : Disk scheduling algorithm to reduce seek time.
Shunting yard algorithm : convert an infix-notation math expression to postfix
Simon’s algorithm : provides a provably exponential speedup (relative to any non-quantum algorithm) for a black-box problem
Simplex algorithm : An algorithm for solving linear programming problems
Single-linkage clustering : a simple agglomerative clustering algorithm
Smith–Waterman algorithm : find local sequence alignment
Sorting by signed reversals : an algorithm for understanding genomic evolution.
Soundex : a phonetic algorithm for indexing names by sound, as pronounced in English
Spigot algorithm : A way to compute the value of a mathematical constant without knowing preceding digits
SSS : state space search traversing a game tree in a best-first fashion similar to that of the A* search algorithm
Stemming algorithm : a method of reducing words to their stem, base, or root form
Stone’s method : also known as the strongly implicit procedure or SIP, is an algorithm for solving a sparse linear system of equations
Strassen algorithm : faster matrix multiplication
Structured SVM : allows training of a classifier for general structured output labels.
SUBCLU : a subspace clustering algorithm
Sukhotin’s algorithm : a statistical classification algorithm for classifying characters in a text as vowels or consonants
Sumset (Minkowski sum) algorithm : a method for computing the sum of two sets of numbers, C = A + B, is defined to be the set of all sums of an element from A with an element from B;
SURF (Speeded Up Robust Features) : is a robust local feature detector, first presented by Herbert Bay et al. in 2006, that can be used in computer vision tasks like object recognition or 3D reconstruction. It is partly inspired by the SIFT descriptor. The standard version of SURF is several times faster than SIFT and claimed by its authors to be more robust against different image transformations than SIFT.
Sweep and prune : a broad phase algorithm used during collision detection to limit the number of pairs of solids that need to be checked for collision
Symbolic Cholesky decomposition : Efficient way of storing sparse matrix
Tarjan’s off-line least common ancestors algorithm : compute lowest common ancestors for pairs of nodes in a tree
Tarski–Kuratowski algorithm : a non-deterministic algorithm which provides an upper bound for the complexity of formulas in the arithmetical hierarchy and analytical hierarchy
Ternary search : a technique for finding the minimum or maximum of a function that is either strictly increasing and then strictly decreasing or vice versa
Timsort : adaptative algorithm derived from merge sort and insertion sort. Used in Python 2.3 and up, and Java SE 7.
Todd–Coxeter algorithm : Procedure for generating cosets.
Tomasulo algorithm : allows sequential instructions that would normally be stalled due to certain dependencies to execute non-sequentially
Toom–Cook multiplication : (Toom3) a multiplication algorithm for large integers